Neste módulo, você vai encontrar uma piada. Acompanham o texto algumas questões (com sugestões de respostas), além de material de apoio (vocabulário e apostila gramatical) e material complementar (vídeos, jogos, animações, etc.). A apostila gramatical deste módulo aborda o passado contínuo. Bons estudos!
It was a cold dark evening in February in the city. It was raining heavily and the roads were covered in water.
George was leaving his office after work when he noticed a poor old man. The man was standing next to a puddle in the road. He was wearing long rubber fishing boots and he was holding a stick with a piece of string. The string was hanging in the puddle. George asked the old man what he was doing and the man replied that he was fishing. ‘Poor guy!’, George thought. The old man was obviously going crazy. George felt sorry for the old man, and he was getting very wet, standing outside in the rain, so he decided to invite the old man to have a drink with him in a nearby bar.
George ordered a drink for himself and bought one for the old man. The old man was smiling happily as he was drinking. While they were finishing their drinks, George tried to start a conversation. He turned to the old man and asked,
1 – O que o velho estava fazendo na rua quando George o encontrou?
2 – O que George pensou a respeito do velho? E o que George sentiu quando viu o velho naquela situação?
3 – O que George decidiu fazer após ver o velho?
4 – O que o diálogo no final revela? (qual é a surpresa que temos no final? quem foi o tolo da história?)
5 – Complete as frases abaixo com o passado contínuo. (Você pode consultar o texto e/ou a apostila gramatical, caso tiver dificuldades).
a) It heavily. (rain)
b) George his office after work. (leave)
c) The man next to a puddle in the road. (stand)
d) He long rubber fishing boots. (wear)
e) He a stick with a piece of string. (hold)
f) The string in the puddle. (hang)
g) George asked the old man what he . (do)
h) The man replied that he . (fish)
i) The old man obviously crazy. (go)
j) He very wet. (get)
k) The old man happily as he . (smile, drink)
l) They their drinks. (finish)
RESPOSTAS SUGERIDAS (clique em "exibir")
1 – O velho estava parado perto de uma poça d’água na rua, usando galochas e segurando algo que se assemelhava a uma vara de pescar. Ele estava “pescando” na poça d’água.
2 – George sentiu pena do velho e achou que o velho estava ficando louco.
3 – George decidiu convidar o velho para tomar uma bebida em um bar próximo. Lá, George pagou uma bebida para o velho.
4 – No final da história, George tenta puxar assunto com o velho, perguntando sobre o dia de pescaria, e o velho lhe responde que o dia não estava sendo nada mal. George, então, pergunta ao velho: “quantos você pegou?” (referindo-se ao número de peixes) e o velho surpreendentemente lhe responde: “você é o oitavo” (referindo-se ao número de “otários” que foram enganados por ele). Portanto, no final da história, descobrimos que o velho não era louco, ele era, na verdade, muito esperto, pois fingia que era louco para que as pessoas sentissem dó dele e lhe pagassem bebidas. Sendo assim, o tolo da história é George.
5 – a) It was raining heavily.
b) George was leaving his office after work.
c) The man was standing next to a puddle in the road.
d) He was wearing long rubber fishing boots.
e) He was holding a stick with a piece of string.
f) The string was hanging in the puddle.
g) George asked the old man what he was doing.
h) The man replied that he was fishing.
i) The old man was obviously going crazy.
j) He was getting very wet.
k) The old man was smiling happily as he was drinking.
l) They were finishing their drinks.
VOCABULÁRIO
Glossário monolíngue (inglês-inglês)
boot: any shoe reaching to the ankle.
cover: to be a covering; to rest on the surface (participle: covered).
guy: a man or boy.
hang: to be suspended.
heavily: intensely, very much.
hold: to have or keep in the hand; to sustain, or support.
invite: to request the presence or participation, especially to request to come or go to some place, or to do something.
nearby: near, close, next to.
notice: to perceive, to become aware of, to see.
office: a room, set of rooms, or building where the business of a commercial or industrial organization is conducted.
order: to request (something) to be supplied or made.
outside: exterior.
poor: having little or no money; unfortunate.
puddle: a small pool of water, as of rainwater on the ground.
reply: to answer, to respond.
road: street; a way or course.
rubber: a highly elastic solid substance, used in the manufacture of erasers, toys, tires, and many other products.
sorry: feeling of pity, sympathy, etc.
stand: to be set, placed, fixed, located, or situated.
stick: a long piece of wood.
string: a cord or thread used for binding or tying; line.
try: to attempt to do or accomplish.
wet: moistened, covered, or soaked with water.
Glossário bilíngue (inglês-português)
boot: bota, galocha.
cover: cobrir (particípio: coberto).
guy: cara, rapaz.
hang: pender, estar suspenso.
heavily: intensamente, muito.
hold: segurar.
invite: convidar.
nearby: próximo, perto.
notice: notar, reparar.
office: escritório.
order: pedir.
outside: do lado de for a.
poor: pobre, indigente.
puddle: poça d’água.
reply: responder.
road: estrada, rua.
rubber: borracha.
sorry: dó, pena (to feel sorry for someone: sentir pena de alguém).
stand: estar (em pé); encontrar-se.
stick: vara, bastão.
string: corda, linha.
try: tentar.
wet: molhado.
APOSTILA GRAMATICAL
1. Passado Contínuo ou Progressivo (Past Continuous or Progressive)
Usa-se o passado contínuo, basicamente, para descrever uma ação que estava ocorrendo em um certo período no passado.
2. Forma
O passado contínuo é formado pelo passado simples do verbo to be (was/were) + o gerúndio (-ing) do verbo principal.
3. Construção das formas afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa
A seguir, mostraremos como é a construção da forma afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa em inglês, no passado contínuo.
3.1 AFIRMATIVA
Sujeito + was/were + verbo principal no gerúndio + complemento.
4.1 Descrever uma ação em andamento num determinado momento no passado e/ou narrar as circunstâncias de uma situação passada:
George was leaving his office after work.
The man was standing next to a puddle in the road.
He was wearing long rubber fishing boots.
He was holding a stick with a piece of string.
They were talking in the bar.
4.2 Descrever ações em andamento simultâneo. Nesses casos, geralmente usam-se as conjunções while ou as:
While they were finishing their drinks, George was trying to start a conversation.
The old man was smiling happily as he was drinking.
George was workingwhile the old man was fishing in the puddle.
4.3 Falar, indicar uma ação habitual que ocorria no passado. Normalmente usam-se os advérbios de frequência: constantly, often, always entre o passado simples do verbo to be e o verbo principal:
He was constantly drinking alcoholic drinks.
They were always working hard in that office.
5. Acrescentando ING ao verbo principal: regras de ortografia
Para formar o gerúndio, os verbos recebem o sufixo ing à forma infinitiva.
Exemplos:
do → doing
drink → drinking
fish → fishing
follow → following
hold → holding
rain → raining
stay → staying
study → studying
wear → wearing
Há, contudo, alguns casos especiais:
• Verbos terminados em e → - e + ing.
Exemplos:
leave → leaving
live → living
smile → smiling
use → using
• Verbos terminados em CVC (consoante - vogal tônica - consoante) → repete-se a consoante final e acrescenta-se ing.
Exemplo:
get → getting
shop → shopping
stop → stopping
TESTE SEUS CONHECIMENTOS!
1. Basquete
Neste jogo de basquete, você deve escolher a alternativa que completa corretamente as sentenças, para ter a chance de tentar fazer uma cesta. O tempo verbal das sentenças é o passado contínuo. Have fun!
